Ukubaluleka kwezibuko zokuzivikela

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi i-occupational ocular trauma ilandisa mayelana ne-5% yawo wonke ukulimala kwemboni, futhi i-akhawunti ye-50% yokuhlukumezeka ezibhedlela zamehlo.Futhi eminye imikhakha yezimboni ifinyelela ku-34%.Enqubweni yokukhiqiza, izici ezivamile zokulimala kwamehlo ezimbonini zihlanganisa ukulimala kweso lomzimba wangaphandle, ukulimala kwekhemikhali yeso, ukulimala kwe-non-ionizing emisebeni yeso, ukulimala kwamehlo e-ionizing, i-microwave kanye nokulimala kwe-laser.Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalokhu kulimala, izibuko zokuzivikela kufanele zigqokwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, futhi izibuko zokuzivikela zibaluleke kakhulu!

1. Ukulimala kweso lomzimba wangaphandle

Ukulimala kwamehlo angaphandle yilabo abagaya izinsimbi;ukusika okungezona izinsimbi noma insimbi;ukushaywa nokulungisa izinsimbi zensimbi ngamathuluzi ezandla, amathuluzi kagesi aphathwayo, namathuluzi omoya;ukusika ama-rivets noma izikulufa;ama-boilers wokusika noma ukukhuhla;itshe eligxobayo noma ukhonkolo, njll. , izinto zangaphandle ezifana nezinhlayiya zesihlabathi kanye nezinsimbi zensimbi zingena emehlweni noma zithinte ubuso.

2. Ukulimala kwamehlo emisebe ye-non-ionizing

Ekushiseleni ugesi, ukusika i-oxygen, isithando somlilo, ukucubungula ingilazi, ukugoqa okushisayo kanye nokuphonsa nezinye izindawo, umthombo wokushisa ungakha ukukhanya okunamandla, imisebe ye-ultraviolet kanye ne-infrared ku-1050 ~ 2150 ℃.Imisebe ye-UV ingabangela i-conjunctivitis, i-photophobia, ubuhlungu, ukudabuka, i-blepharitis nezinye izimpawu.Ngenxa yokuthi kwenzeka kakhulu kumashisela kagesi, kuvame ukubizwa nge-"electrooptic ophthalmia", okuyisifo samehlo esivamile embonini.

3. Ukulimala Kweso Kwe-ionizing Radiation

Imisebe ye-ionizing iyenzeka ikakhulukazi embonini yamandla e-athomu, izitshalo zamandla enuzi (njengezimboni zamandla enuzi, imikhumbi-ngwenya yenuzi), i-nuclear, ukuhlolwa kwe-physics enamandla amakhulu, ukuxilongwa komnyango wezokwelapha, ukuxilongwa kwe-isotope nokwelashwa nezinye izindawo.Ukuchayeka kwamehlo emisebeni ye-ionizing kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.Lapho umthamo ophelele omunnyiwe udlula i-2 Gy, abantu baqala ukuba ne-cataract, futhi izehlakalo zikhula ngokwanda komthamo ophelele.

4. I-Microwave kanye nokulimala kwamehlo e-laser

Ama-microwave angabangela ukuguquguquka kwamakristalu ngenxa yemiphumela yokushisa, okuholela ekuveleni "kwe-cataract".I-laser projection kwi-retina ingabangela ukusha, futhi ama-laser angaphezu kuka-0.1 μW angase futhi abangele ukopha kwamehlo, ukugoqa kwamaprotheni, ukuncibilika, kanye nokungaboni.

5. Umonakalo wamehlo (ubuso) wamakhemikhali

Uketshezi olune-acid-base kanye nentuthu elimazayo ohlelweni lokukhiqiza kungena emehlweni noma kuthinte isikhumba sobuso, okungabangela ukusha ku-cornea noma isikhumba sobuso.Ama-splash, ama-nitrites, nama-alkali aqinile angabangela ukusha kwamehlo kakhulu, njengoba ama-alkali angena kalula kunama-asidi.

Yini okufanele ngiyinake lapho ngisebenzisa izibuko zokuzivikela?

1. Izibuko zokuzivikela ezikhethiwe kufanele zihlolwe futhi zifaneleke yi-ejensi yokuhlola umkhiqizo;

2. Ububanzi nobukhulu bezingilazi zokuzivikela kufanele bufanele ubuso bomsebenzisi;

3. Ukuguga kwelensi kanye nokulimala kohlaka kuzothinta umbono wesisebenzisi futhi kufanele kushintshwe ngesikhathi;

4. Izibuko zokuzivikela kufanele zisetshenziswe izisebenzi ezikhethekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezifo zamehlo;

5. Izihlungi namashidi okuzivikela ezingilazi zokuphepha zokushisela kufanele kukhethwe futhi kushintshwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokusebenza ezicacisiwe;

6. Vimbela ukuwa okukhulu nokucindezela okukhulu, futhi uvimbele izinto eziqinile ukuthi zingakhuhli kumalensi namamaski.